concrete and reinforced concrete structures

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• Reinforced concrete — is concrete in which reinforcement bars ( rebars ), reinforcement grids, plates or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the concrete in tension. It was invented by French gardener Joseph Monier in 1849 and patented in 1867.[1] The term… …   Wikipedia

• Reinforced concrete biaxial bending — Reinforced Concrete Biaxial BendingReinforced concrete biaxial bending is the stress state of a reinforced concrete element subjected to axial force and two orthogonal moments and is usually found in column design. This page is entended to give… …   Wikipedia

• CONCRETE —    Concrete is a compound made from sand, gravel, and cement, while cement is a mixture of minerals that become hard when water is added, binding the sand and gravel into a solid mass. Although concrete is traditionally considered an Ancient… …   Historical Dictionary of Architecture

• Concrete — This article is about the construction material. For other uses, see Concrete (disambiguation). Outer view of the Roman Pantheon, still the largest unreinforced solid concrete dome.[1] …   Wikipedia

• Concrete shell — Oceanografic Valencia A concrete shell, also commonly called thin shell concrete structure, is a structure composed of a relatively thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses. The shells are most commonly flat …   Wikipedia

• concrete — concretely, adv. concreteness, n. concretive, adj. concretively, adv. /kon kreet, kong , kon kreet , kong / for 1 10, 11, 14, 15; /kon kreet , kong / for 12, 13, adj., n., v., concreted, concreting. adj. 1. constituting an actual thing or… …   Universalium

• Timeline of Russian inventions and technology records — The Hall of Space Technology in the Tsiolkovsky State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics, Kaluga, Russia. The exhibition includes the models and replicas of the following Russian inventions: the first satellite, Sputnik 1 (a ball under the… …   Wikipedia

• Properties of concrete — Concrete has relatively high compressive strength, but significantly lower tensile strength, and as such is usually reinforced with materials that are strong in tension (often steel). The elasticity of concrete is relatively constant at low… …   Wikipedia

• Concrete masonry unit — A stack of rectangular CMUs Cinder block redirects here. For the American singer, see Cinder Block (musician). In the United States, a concrete masonry unit (CMU) – also called concrete block, cement block, and foundation block – is a large… …   Wikipedia

• harbours and sea works — Introduction harbour also spelled  harbor        any part of a body of water and the manmade structures surrounding it that sufficiently shelters a vessel from wind, waves, and currents, enabling safe anchorage or the discharge and loading of… …   Universalium

• Business and Industry Review — ▪ 1999 Introduction Overview        Annual Average Rates of Growth of Manufacturing Output, 1980 97, Table Pattern of Output, 1994 97, Table Index Numbers of Production, Employment, and Productivity in Manufacturing Industries, Table (For Annual… …   Universalium